From a physical point of view, having a basic understanding of the human body’s strengths, abilities, and limitations is an important basis for making well thought-out tweaks to the design of the workplace, in order to build work systems that are not a risk to huma health or performance. Knowing how your muscles, bones and joints work may seem like a far cry from your engineering work, but it will significantly help your understanding in later  chapters where physical loading and methods of ergonomics evaluation are  discussed. Another thing this chapter does, is to provide a limited description of anatomy and  physiology; it will not go into as much…

Engineers may end up playing a variety of different (sometimes overlapping) roles in their professional career. Each with their distinct scope, system level and operational concerns – some switch between several of these throughout their working life, depending on how specialized their working role is and at what system level they are. Expected to address problem solving. For example, an engineer may act on a specialized, operative level with responsibility for a single  production line, which would require specific methods and  knowledge to optimize for human well-being and performance.  Other engineers end up at a management level, where they are  perhaps not served by  anatomical knowledge  and ergonomics evaluation methods,…

   The effect of modern technology are pervasive-both in business and in self behavior. In many part whole generation modern technology skipped over. For example many people go straight to a digital phone without ever having had their houses wired under the analog system. Even in a remote village such as in barrio, malasya –still lacking many traditional roads an-information highway is underway.  Advanced technology information well as other factors that are opening up borders- the opening of the berlin wall netscape workflow outsourcing, offshoring, open-sourcing, insourcing, supply-chaining in-forming- have converget to create a more level playing field. The result of this convergence was the creation of a global web-enabled…